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法国著名哲学家、作家伏尔泰(1694—1778)是18世纪欧洲启蒙运动的领袖人物。他学识渊博,著述宏富。伏尔泰一生中曾两番入狱,几度放逐,因此对现存的法国封建专制深恶痛绝。然而,他对中国和中国的文化思想大加称颂,表达出由衷和强烈的热爱之情,并从中受到很大的影响。伏尔泰始终是以赞扬的态度来评述中国的。他把欧洲人“发现”中国人的文明比作达·伽马和哥伦布的地理大发现。不论在他的哲学和历史著作,或在文学作品里伏尔泰谈到中国时都表现出极大的兴趣。他编撰的《哲学辞典》中有不少关于中国的条目,介绍康熙、乾隆、中国的理学等等。在他所写的《路易十四时代》、《历史哲学》、《巴比伦公主》等著作中,
The famous French philosopher and author Voltaire (1694-1778) is the leader of the 18th century European Enlightenment. He is knowledgeable, writing rich. Voltaire twice in prison, jailed several times, so the existing French feudalism abhorrence. However, he greatly praised the cultural thinking of China and China, expressed his sincere and intense love and was greatly influenced by it. Voltaire has always commented on China in a commendable manner. He compared the European “discovery” of Chinese civilization to the discovery of the geographies of Da Gama and Columbus. Voltaire showed great interest in both his philosophical and historical writings or in his literary works. He compiled “Philosophical Dictionary” there are many entries on China, introducing Kangxi, Qianlong, China’s science and so on. In his writings such as Louis XIV, History Philosophy and Princess Babylon,