第二次世界大战以后,世界农业的发展越来越依赖于现代工业的支持。农业中诸如机械、燃油、电力、化肥和农药等一系列工业投入,都是以工业能源(特别是石油能源)为基础的,因而人们从能量角度将这种以现代工业支持的农业形象地称为“石油农业”,国外更通常的叫法是“能量集约式农业”。美国,欧洲和日本等一些发达国家的现代农业通常都被认为是这类农业。本文将从能量角度探讨我国现阶段的农业,试图回答从总体上看我国是不是石油农业的问题。搞清这个问题,对于制订我国农业发展策略,农业能源策略乃至整个国家的能源策 After the Second World War, the development of the world’s agriculture was increasingly dependent on the support of modern industry. A series of industrial inputs such as machinery, fuel oil, electricity, fertilizers, and pesticides are all based on industrial energy sources (especially oil energy). Therefore, from the perspective of energy, people call this type of agriculture supported by modern industry vividly. For “oil agriculture”, the more common foreign name is “energy-intensive agriculture.” Modern agriculture in some developed countries, such as the United States, Europe and Japan, is generally considered to be such agriculture. This article will explore China’s current stage of agriculture from an energy perspective and try to answer the question of whether China is an oil agriculture in general. To clarify this issue, formulate strategies for China’s agricultural development, agricultural energy strategies, and even energy policies for the entire country.