小说叙事学认为小说存在“故事时间”和“叙事时间”。从背景的角度看 ,传统或常规的小说设置时间的方式主要是明指和暗示。非常规的时间设置则表现出复杂性 :作者往往突破物理时间定向、稳速流逝的规则 ,运用心理时间将故事时序弄乱 ,或者制造狭义和广义的故事时间的“暂停”或“流驶”。将心理时间引入叙事 ,显示了时间在人的生命中的意义 ,为扩展小说背景创造了无限的可能性。只有把握准心理时间种种复杂的变化 ,才能了解小说提供的真正具有背景意义的时间及其所负载的历史与时代的内涵 Novel narrative believes that novels exist “story time” and “narrative time”. From a background perspective, the way in which traditional or conventional novels set time is mostly explicit and implicit. Unconventional time settings present complexity: the author often breaks the rules of physical time orientation and steady passage of time, uses the mental time to mess up the timing of the story, or to create a “pause” or “flow” of narrow and broad story time . The introduction of psychological time into narratives shows the significance of time in human life and creates infinite possibilities for expanding the background of novels. Only by grasping the complicated changes in the quasi-psychology time can we understand the real background of the time provided by the novel and the connotation of its history and time