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通过土培试验研究了在3种类型土壤(红壤、黑土和灰钙土)上施用不同价态硒肥(Na2SeO3或Na2SeO4)条件下,水稻地上部硒含量的变化.结果表明,在水稻幼苗期,3种土壤上Se4+硒肥处理的水稻幼苗地上部硒含量高于Se6+硒肥处理.施用Se4+硒肥,红壤、黑土及灰钙土中水稻幼苗的硒含量分别为5.76、1.18和1.11mg·kg-1,分别为对照的2.5、4.7和6.9倍;施用Se6+硒肥,红壤、黑土及灰钙土中水稻幼苗的硒含量分别为4.70、0.66和0.73mg·kg-1.在水稻成熟期,施用Se4+硒肥后,红壤、黑土及灰钙土中水稻籽粒中硒含量分别由对照中的0.34、0.05和0.05mg·kg-1增加到0.94、0.14和0.20mg·kg-1;施用Se6+硒肥后,红壤、黑土及灰钙土中水稻籽粒中硒含量分别为1.13、0.12、0.16mg·kg-1.不同价态硒肥处理和土壤类型对水稻幼苗和成熟地上部硒含量都有显著影响.在pH值低的红壤上施用Se6+硒肥效果更好,而在pH值高的黑土和灰钙土上施用Se4+硒肥效果更好;从环境风险和硒对植物毒性的角度考虑,硒肥以亚硒酸盐的形式施用比较好.
The effects of different selenium fertilizers (Na2SeO3 or Na2SeO4) applied on three types of soils (red soil, black soil and calcareous soil) were studied by soil culture experiment.The results showed that in the seedling stage , The above-ground selenium content of Se4 + selenium fertilizer-treated rice seedlings was higher than that of Se6 + selenium fertilizer on three kinds of soils.The selenium contents of Se4 + selenium, red soil, black soil and calcareous soil were 5.76,1.18 and 1.11mg · kg-1, which were 2.5, 4.7 and 6.9 times of that of the control respectively. The selenium contents of Se6 + selenium, red soil, black soil and ash soil were 4.70,0.66 and 0.73 mg · kg- , Selenium content in red, black and calcareous soil increased from 0.34, 0.05 and 0.05 mg · kg-1 to 0.94, 0.14 and 0.20 mg · kg-1 in red, After selenium fertilizers, the selenium contents of rice grains in red soil, black soil and calcareous soil were 1.13,0.12,0.16 mg · kg-1.Selenium contents in different selenium treatments and soil types on rice seedlings and mature shoots had Significantly affected.Application of Se6 + selenium fertilizer to red soil with low pH value was better, while in the high pH black soil and ash The effect of applying Se4 + selenium fertilizer on the calcareous soil is better. Selenium fertilizer is better applied as the selenite in terms of environmental risk and selenium toxicity to the plant.