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目的分析漳浦县手足口病流行特征、流行趋势及影响因素,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对手足口病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果漳浦县2008—2013年共报告手足口病9 541例,其中重症7例,死亡2例;年均发病率185.90/10万,年发病率呈上升趋势(P<0.01),发病呈明显季节分布,呈双峰型特点,5—6月份出现一次发病高峰,9月份出现一次小高峰。发病人群主要集中在0~4岁儿童,占94.34%;职业分布以散居儿童最多共8 548例(89.59%)。病例咽拭样本病毒核酸检测阳性率69.27%,2010年以EV 71型为主,2011—2012年以EV 71型和其他肠道病毒为主,2013年以其他肠道病毒为主。结论加强托幼机构环境消毒和晨检报告制度,加强手足口病知识宣传,培养良好的个人卫生习惯,以控制手足口病流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, epidemic trends and influencing factors of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhangpu County, and to provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of hand-foot-mouth disease. Results A total of 9 541 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Zhangpu County from 2008 to 2013, including 7 severe cases and 2 deaths. The average annual incidence rate was 185.90 / 100 000, with an annual increase rate (P <0.01) Seasonal distribution, showing a bimodal characteristics, 5-6 month peak incidence, a small peak in September. The incidence of patients mainly concentrated in children aged 0-4 years, accounting for 94.34%; occupational distribution of scattered children up to a total of 8 548 cases (89.59%). The positive rate of virus swab sample swab samples was 69.27%. In 2010, the EV71 type was predominant. In 2011-2012, EV71 and other enteroviruses were the main types. In 2013, the predominant virus was other enteroviruses. Conclusion The system of environmental disinfection and morning inspection of nurseries and kindergartens should be strengthened to enhance knowledge of hand-foot-mouth disease and cultivate good personal hygiene habits to control the prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease.