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目的分析六安市2003~2007年流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)的流行特征,为进一步预测六安市流脑流行趋势,有效控制流脑,提供科学依据。方法对传染病网络报告系统报告的流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫情信息和流脑监测系统收集的监测资料进行分析。结果六安市2003~2007年流脑平均发病率为0.261/10万,病死率为6.25%。2004年部分学校出现暴发疫情,其余年份疫情以散发为主。15~19岁年龄组病例占总病例数的51.25%,76.25%的病例是在校学生。12月至次年的3月为流脑发病的高峰季节。5年来,从病人和密切接触者标本中检出A群脑膜炎奈瑟氏双球菌2株,B群1株,C群10株。结论六安市有发生流脑流行的隐患,在校学生是防控工作的重点人群。加强健康教育,推广A+C群流脑疫苗的接种,加强监测,是防止流脑流行的主要手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (meningococcal meningitis) from 2003 to 2007 in Lu’an City, and provide a scientific basis for further predicting the epidemic trend of meningococci in Lu’an City and controlling the meningitis effectively. Methods The epidemic information of epidemic meningococcal disease reported by the Communicable Disease Network Reporting System and the monitoring data collected by the meningitis monitoring system were analyzed. Results The average incidence of meningitis in 2003-2007 in Lu’an City was 0.261 / 100000 with a case fatality rate of 6.25%. Outbreaks occurred in some schools in 2004 and the rest of the year were mainly outbreaks. The age group of 15-19 years old accounted for 51.25% of the total number of cases, 76.25% of the cases were school students. The peak season of meningococcal disease is from December to March of next year. In the past five years, 2 strains of Neisseria meningitidis group A, 1 strain of B group and 10 strains of C group have been detected from the specimens of patients and close contacts. Conclusion There is a potential epidemic of meningitis in Lu’an City. School-based students are the key people in prevention and control work. Strengthening health education, promoting the vaccination of A + C meningitis vaccines and strengthening monitoring are the main means to prevent the epidemic of meningococcal meningitis.