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目的分析喀什市艾滋病疫情,了解疫情特点和趋势,为制定本地区预防和控制艾滋病的工作重点提供依据。方法对喀什市的艾滋病报告、监测和专题调查等资料进行统计分析。结果在累计报告的535例HIV/AIDS中,男性占73%(391/535),女性占27%(144/535),男女比例逐步接近;感染者以20～39岁年龄组的青壮年为主,占87%(463/535);经注射毒品感染HIV 231例,占总病例数的43.20%;经异性传播感染HIV 105例,占总病例数的19.6%;从变化趋势看,性途径的比例总体呈现逐年上升的势头,从2001年的9.09%上升到2008年的48.15%(Z<0.000 1),而静脉注射途径的比例从2001年的81.81%下降到2008年的40.74%。结论喀什市的艾滋病疫情仍呈上升趋势,经性途径传播呈现逐年上升的趋势,女性感染人数增加,应根据疫情的变化趋势有针对性地进行宣传教育和行为干预,继续加强暗娼人群和吸毒人群的高危干预工作,普及艾滋病防治基础知识,创建非歧视的和谐环境,让感染者得到社会的关爱,为进一步开展综合防治措施奠定良好的基础。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of AIDS in Kashgar, understand the characteristics and trends of the epidemic, and provide the basis for formulating the key work of AIDS prevention and control in this area. Methods A statistical analysis was conducted on AIDS reporting, surveillance and special investigations in Kashgar. Results Of the 535 reported HIV / AIDS cases, 73% (391/535) were male and 27% (144/535) were female, with the proportion of male and female gradually approaching. In young adults of 20-39 years old (463/535), 231 cases of HIV infection after injecting drugs, accounting for 43.20% of the total number of cases; 105 cases of HIV infection by heterosexual transmission, accounting for 19.6% of the total number of cases; from the change trend, the sexual way Increased from 9.09% in 2001 to 48.15% in 2008 (Z <0.0001), while the proportion of intravenous routes dropped from 81.81% in 2001 to 40.74% in 2008. Conclusion The epidemic situation of AIDS in Kashgar City is still on the rise. The transmission through sexual channels shows an increasing trend year by year. The number of female infections is increasing. Publicity, education and behavior intervention should be targeted according to the changing trend of epidemic situation. Risk interventions to popularize the basic knowledge of AIDS prevention and control and create a non-discriminatory and harmonious environment so that people living with HIV / AIDS can receive the care of the community and lay a good foundation for further comprehensive prevention and control measures.