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感冒是由病毒感染而引起的常见病、多发病.感冒患者约占全部门诊病人的30%—50%,特别是冬、春、秋、冬换季期间更易流行.部分可自行痊愈,如不及时治疗,也可能继发其它感染,如扁桃体炎、咽喉炎、支气管炎、肺炎等.所以我们必须重视感冒的早期治疗.目前临床上治疗感冒的药物品种繁多,新品种、新剂型还在不断出现,使人眼花缭乱,尽管如此而感冒药的主要成份和主要功能却没有多大差异,主药都是解热镇痛药类,或辅以增强作用的复方制剂或缓释剂.如感冒清、感冒通、感冒灵、速效伤风胶囊等.在感冒药的实际应用中,治疗效果相差很大,有的是药到病除;有的则不见疗效.这是因为治疗感冒的药物都不具抗菌消炎的作用,有的复方制剂虽有一点抗菌的中药成份,但剂量小,疗效欠佳.所以在感冒的治疗中笔者认为应掌握以下原则:1.当感冒初起,只是病毒感染,仅有头痛、发烧、畏寒、鼻塞、流鼻涕、全身不适等症状时,选用一种感冒药即可解除症状.2.如果感冒治疗不及时,由于感冒病毒感染后,人体的免疫功能和抵抗力下降,细菌就会乘虚而入,继发细菌感染,如扁桃体炎等.此时必须合用适当的抗生素才能得到确切疗效.对感冒患者开大处方是不必要的,应该根据病情发展对症处理.
Common cold is caused by the virus infection, frequently-occurring disease.Cold patients account for about 30% -50% of all outpatients, especially winter, spring, autumn and winter during the more popular season.Some of the self-healing, if not in time Treatment, may also be secondary to other infections, such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. Therefore, we must pay attention to the early treatment of cold. Currently clinically cold treatment of a wide variety of drugs, new varieties, new dosage forms are still emerging , Dazzling, despite the main components of cold medicine and the main function is not much difference, the main drug is antipyretic analgesics, or supplemented with enhanced role of the compound or slow release agents such as cold, cold Pass, cold spirit, quick cold capsule, etc. In the practical application of cold medicine, the treatment effect is quite different, some medicine to the sick; others are not effective .This is because the treatment of cold drugs are not anti-bacterial anti-inflammatory effect, Although some compound preparations have a little antibacterial Chinese medicine ingredients, but the dose is small, poor efficacy, so I think in the treatment of cold should have the following principles: 1. When a cold, just a virus infection, only Have a headache, fever, chills, nasal congestion, runny nose, general malaise and other symptoms, the choice of a cold medicine to relieve symptoms .2. If the cold treatment is not timely, due to cold virus infection, the body’s immune function and immunity Decline, the bacteria will take advantage of, secondary bacterial infections, such as tonsillitis, etc. At this point must be combined with the appropriate antibiotics in order to get the exact effect.Cold patients with a large prescription is unnecessary, it should be based on the development of symptomatic treatment.