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免疫家族的新成员自然杀伤性T(NKT)细胞对于口腔肿瘤免疫具有深远的影响。NKT细胞至少有两个子集:Ⅰ型NKT细胞,识别恒定不变的T细胞受体,这种受体在老鼠体内为Vα14Jα18,在人体内为Vα24Jα18;Ⅱ型NKT细胞则具有各种各样的CD1d限制T细胞脂类受体。在口腔肿瘤免疫中,这两型NKT细胞具有不同的调节作用,而且二者之间亦具有相互调节作用,可产生一个新的免疫调控。NKT细胞接收抗原刺激后应答迅速,影响随后的免疫应答,而如何平衡这两种互相调节的作用对于口腔肿瘤免疫影响重大。本文就NKT细胞的分类,NKT细胞在口腔肿瘤免疫中的作用,Ⅰ型NKT细胞,Ⅱ型NKT细胞,Ⅰ和Ⅱ型NKT细胞在口腔肿瘤免疫中的相互作用等研究进展作一综述。
Natural killer T (NKT) cells, a new member of the immune family, have far-reaching effects on oral tumor immunity. There are at least two subsets of NKT cells: type I NKT cells that recognize invariant T cell receptors that are Vα14Jα18 in mice and Vα24Jα18 in humans; type II NKT cells have a variety of CD1d restricted T cell lipid receptors. In oral tumor immunity, these two types of NKT cells have different regulatory roles, and they also play a role in regulating each other to produce a new immune regulation. NKT cells receive rapid response to antigen stimulation, affecting the subsequent immune response, and how to balance the role of these two mutual regulation of oral tumor immunity have a significant impact. This review summarizes the classification of NKT cells, the role of NKT cells in oral tumor immunity, the interaction of type I NKT cells, type II NKT cells, type I and type II NKT cells in oral tumor immunity.