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目的分析浙江省1953-2013年伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情的流行特征,为防控工作提供依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对浙江省1953-2013年伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情的报告资料进行描述性分析。结果浙江省1953-2013年共报告伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情16起,其中伤寒5起,甲型副伤寒11起。时间集中在第一和第三季度,各占31.25%,地点主要在农村,占62.50%,城乡罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ2=73.41,P<0.05)。发病人群主要为青壮年和学生,各占75.00%和25.00%。不同血清型(伤寒与甲型副伤寒)的暴发疫情罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ2=81.31,P<0.05)。16起暴发疫情由水源污染引起为主,占62.50%。结论浙江省伤寒副伤寒暴发疫情整体呈下降趋势,具有明显季节性特征,青壮年和学生为主要人群,农村和学校是重点地区和场所,应加强监测。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid outbreaks in Zhejiang Province from 1953 to 2013, and provide basis for prevention and control work. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe the reported data of the outbreaks of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Zhejiang Province from 1953 to 2013. Results A total of 16 typhoid and paratyphoid outbreaks were reported in Zhejiang Province from 1953 to 2013, of which 5 were typhoid fever and 11 typhoid fever. The time was concentrated in the first and third quarters, each accounting for 31.25% of the total, mainly in rural areas, accounting for 62.50%. There was a statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas (χ2 = 73.41, P <0.05). The incidence of major groups of young adults and students, each 75.00% and 25.00%. There were significant differences in attack rates between different serotypes (typhoid and paratyphoid A) (χ2 = 81.31, P <0.05). 16 outbreaks caused by water pollution, accounting for 62.50%. Conclusion The outbreak of typhoid fever and paratyphoid in Zhejiang Province showed a downward trend as a whole, with obvious seasonal features. Young adults and students were the main population. Rural areas and schools were the key areas and places. Monitoring should be strengthened.