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目的了解初中生有关吸烟与健康的知识水平、来源和需求。方法采用自填式问卷对8 656名初中生进行横断面调查。结果吸烟可引起疾病的回答正确率,肺癌>气管炎>肺气肿>肺心病>口腔癌>喉癌>冠心病>高血压>胃溃疡>脑卒中;烟草中有害成分的知晓率,烟焦油>尼古丁>一氧化碳>氢氰酸。获取吸烟危害知识的来源中可信程度最高的为医务人员。38.9%的人回答曾经接触过反吸烟宣传,印象最深的宣传形式为电视和广告。64.0%的人表示自己想知道更多有关吸烟与健康方面的知识,最希望的获取方式是电视广播,最希望知道的内容是吸烟对健康的危害。结论在青少年控烟的健康教育中,医务工作者应积极参与,强化吸烟与心脑血管病的内容,尝试选择电视和广告等宣传形式。
Objectives To understand the knowledge, sources and needs of junior high school students about smoking and health. Methods 8 656 junior high school students were surveyed by self-administered questionnaire. Results of smoking can cause the disease to answer the correct rate, lung cancer> bronchitis> emphysema> pulmonary heart disease> oral cancer> laryngeal cancer> coronary heart disease> hypertension> gastric ulcer> stroke; awareness of harmful components of tobacco, tobacco tar > Nicotine> carbon monoxide> hydrocyanic acid. The most credible source of knowledge on the hazards of smoking is medical staff. 38.9% of respondents who have been exposed to anti-smoking publicity, the deepest impression of the form of television and advertising. 64.0% of the people said they would like to know more about smoking and health knowledge, the most desirable way is to get the television broadcast, the most want to know is the health hazards of smoking. Conclusion In the health education of tobacco control among adolescents, medical workers should actively participate in smoking and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and try to choose forms of advertisements such as television and advertising.