一、病菌的越冬場所据作者在碭山果园場、碭山园艺場、碭山良梨公社的調查,本病菌主要是以无性分生孢子越冬在病梢、病芽、病叶、病叶柄和病果处。1.病梢:在枝梢上的病斑为黑褐色不定形,在其表面生出黑色霉层。这种病梢,果农叫做:“烏碼子”。2.病芽:在病芽的鳞片上生出黑色病斑。由病芽生出的新梢基部向上蔓延发展,并附着許多分生孢子。发病严重的可使整个芽子枯死。3.病叶:叶上发病时,首先在叶背面靠近叶脉处开始生出淡黄色病斑,略呈多角形,以后在其上面产生黑色霉层。4.病叶柄:残留在树上的染病叶柄,到来年观察,仍有許多分 First, the overwintering pathogen According to the author in the Qiongshan orchard field, Qingshan horticultural field, Yanshan Liangli commune investigation, the bacteria is mainly asexual conidia overwintering in the disease shoots, diseased leaves, diseased petiole and diseased fruit . 1. Disease: lesions on the shoots dark brown amorphous, black moldy layer on the surface. This disease, fruit farmers called: “codon.” 2. Sick buds: Black speckles develop on scales of diseased buds. The shoot shoots emerge from the buds spreading upward, with many conidia attached. Severe disease can make the whole bud dead. 3. diseased leaves: the incidence of leaves, the first leaflet near the veins began to give birth to yellowish lesion, slightly polygonal, later on its black mold layer. 4. Stem petioles: Petiole residues in the tree disease, the coming year observation, there are still many points