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在实际工业生产中,许多构件的表面是由双曲面构成的,因此,研究复杂型面激光热成形加工工艺规划策略具有重要的现实意义。然而,作为一种无模成形工艺,激光加热路径和目标型面没有直接联系,这增加了工艺规划的难度。为了实现双曲率面构件的高精度激光热成形,基于交叉加热与板材预弯曲对塑性应变场影响的研究,提出一种新的工艺规划策略。该方法基于板材成形所需要的应变场,分别建立平板和预弯曲板工艺参数与残余塑性应变基本关系数据库以及上下表面应变比基本关系数据库,采用上下表面分别加热进行双曲率面工艺规划。实验结果表明,利用该加工策略,激光热成形面与目标曲面形状基本吻合。
In the actual industrial production, the surface of many components is composed of hyperboloid. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the planning strategy of complex profile laser thermoforming process. However, as a moldless process, there is no direct link between the laser heating path and the target profile, which increases the difficulty of process planning. In order to realize high-precision laser thermoforming of hyperbolic surfaces, a new process planning strategy is proposed based on the study of the influence of cross-heating and sheet pre-bending on the plastic strain field. Based on the required strain field of sheet metal forming, the basic relation database of process parameters and residual plastic strain of flat plate and pre-bent plate and the basic relation database of upper and lower surface strain ratio are established respectively. The upper and lower surfaces are separately heated for the process plan of hyperbolic surface. The experimental results show that, using this processing strategy, the shape of the laser hot forming surface and the target curved surface basically coincide.