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许多大学的行政领导人似乎相信,由学校教工进行的研究工作可以通过专利和发明被用来为他们的机构带来巨大的经济收入。国家科学院出版社最近出版的一份报告提供了关于工业同大学相互影响的对比看法。该报告是一份访问17名高级工业职员的谈话总结。将可获利的产品推向市场,这要求一套与创造和普及知识不同的动机、组织和文化。企业也注意到,对花费在研究上的每1美元需要投入10美元用于开发,100美元用于设计和建造工厂。这些活动的许多方面都需要有目的明确的跨学科人员的参与。在许多工业部门,主要的活动在于改善现有产品的质量或加工方法。这往往是通过一点一点的累积起
The executive leadership of many universities seems to believe that the work of research by school faculty can be used to bring huge economic benefits to their institutions through patents and inventions. A recent report by the National Academy Press provided a comparative view of the interplay between industry and universities. The report is a summary of the interview with 17 senior industrial workers. Getting profitable products to market requires a different set of motivations, organizations, and cultures than creating and popularizing knowledge. Companies also noticed that for every dollar spent on research, they needed to invest $ 10 for development and $ 100 for the design and construction of the plant. Many aspects of these activities require targeted and interdisciplinary staff involvement. In many industrial sectors, the main activity is to improve the quality or processing of existing products. This tends to accumulate little by little