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英语句法也称为英语的句子结构,被不同的语言学家赋予了丰富的含义。传统上称之为语法,也曾被称作“曲折变化”。这使句法学有别于音位学和语义学。语言知识不仅意味着对其发音和词汇的掌握,也包括对能够表达完整观点所需短语和句子单词的组织能力。词并不是任意排列就能组合成有意义的句子,而是必须按照一定的词序规则才行。这些规则是什么?笔者通过句法概念、句法与形态学、纵聚合与横组合、成分关系及依存关系等几个方面谈谈自己对句子结构方面粗浅的看法。
English sentence syntax, also known as English sentence structure, is endowed with rich meaning by different linguists. Traditionally referred to as grammar, it was also known as “tortuous change.” This makes syntax different from phonology and semantics. Language knowledge not only means the mastery of its pronunciation and vocabulary, but also its ability to organize the phrases and sentence words needed to express a complete viewpoint. Words are not arbitrarily arranged and can be combined into meaningful sentences. They must be in accordance with certain word order rules. What are these rules? The author discusses his superficial views on sentence structure through syntactic concepts, syntactic and morphological, longitudinal polymerization and horizontal combination, compositional relations and dependency relations.