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为了研究我国西北地区以黄土和碎石构成的毛细阻滞覆盖层适用性,验证黄土-碎石间的毛细阻滞效应以及覆盖层初步设计厚度,在西安江村沟垃圾填埋场开展黄土-碎石毛细阻滞覆盖层极端降雨实验.实测黄土-碎石毛细阻滞覆盖层的储水能力,验证了黄土-碎石间的毛细阻滞作用,分析西安地区半湿润气候条件下毛细阻滞覆盖层的初步设计厚度.研究结果表明:在黄土层同为1.0m厚的条件下,毛细阻滞型覆盖层与单一型覆盖层相比,总储水量提高了24.9%~31.8%,有效储水量提高了38.2%~48.9%.现场实测黄土-碎石毛细阻滞覆盖层储水量为116.92mm,而按脱湿和吸湿曲线计算理论储水量分别为137.68和88.30mm.与本次降雨实测的存储量相比,分别偏大17.76%和偏小24.42%.对于黏性黄土分别下衬碎石、粗砂和中砂构建的毛细阻滞覆盖层:若采用黄土脱湿曲线计算初步设计厚度为1.06~1.12m,而采用吸湿曲线初步设计厚度为1.22~1.28m.在黄土毛细阻滞覆盖层厚度设计中,若采用脱湿曲线计算偏于危险,而采用吸湿曲线则偏于安全.
In order to study the applicability of the capillary wadding covering composed of loess and gravel in northwestern China and to verify the capillary block effect between loess and macadam and the preliminary design thickness of the covering layer, loess-crushed loess- Extremely Rainfall Experiment on the Capillary Reticulated Layer of Rocks The measured water storage capacity of the capillaries of the loess-gravel capillaries verified the capillary block effect between the loess and the rubble, and analyzed the effects of capillary blockage in semi-humid climatic conditions in Xi’an The results show that the total water storage capacity of the capillary block type covering layer increases by 24.9% -31.8% compared with the single-type covering layer when the thickness of the loess layer is 1.0m, and the effective water storage capacity Increased by 38.2% -48.9% .The on-site measured water volume of the loess-gravel capillary wadding was 116.92mm, and the calculated water storage capacity was 137.68 and 88.30mm according to the desorption and moisture absorption curves respectively. Respectively, 17.76% and 24.42% respectively.For the capillary wadding covered with clay, coarse sand and medium sand, if the loess desorption curve is used, the initial design thickness is 1.06 ~ 1.12m, while using suction The initial design thickness of the wet curve is 1.22 ~ 1.28m. In the design of the thickness of the loess capillary retardation cover, if the desorption curve is calculated to be dangerous, but the hygroscopic curve is partial to safety.