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对西安地区3个铅作业小厂进行了流行病学调查。发现其劳动条件均很差。车间内铅烟浓度普遍超标十几倍到几十倍,工人铅吸收与铅中毒总检出率高达53.1%。周围环境亦受到污染,污染区居民已受到铅的危害。建议重视乡镇企业的劳动卫生,制订有关法规,加强监督与管理。对铅中毒的筛检指标进行了对比与讨论,认为ZPP可作为现场筛检的首选指标。
Epidemiological investigation was carried out on three lead working small factories in Xi’an. Found that their working conditions are poor. The concentration of lead smoke in the workshop is generally more than ten to several times that of lead, and the total detection rate of lead absorption and lead poisoning among workers is as high as 53.1%. The surrounding environment is also polluted, and the residents of the polluted area have been harmed by lead. It is suggested to attach importance to labor and health of township and village enterprises, formulate relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen supervision and management. Screening indicators of lead poisoning were compared and discussed that ZPP can be used as the first choice for site screening.