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肺炎球菌表面黏附素A(Pneumococcal surface adhesin A,PsaA)为脂蛋白,属于ABC型转运蛋白复合物(ATPbinding cassette transporter),存在于各型肺炎球菌中,是其重要的毒力因子和黏附因子,编码基因高度保守,具有转运Mn2+及黏附功能。肺炎球菌表面膜蛋白A(Pneumococcal surface protein A,PspA)是与其毒力相关的一种重要的表面抗原,在目前发现的所有临床分离的肺炎球菌中几乎均存在,其编码基因变异性较大。PsaA和PspA均为肺炎球菌的保护性抗原和新型肺炎球菌疫苗的研发热点之一。本文就这两种蛋白的结构、功能、免疫学特性及应用的研究进展作一综述。
Pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA) is a lipoprotein which belongs to the ATPbinding cassette transporter. It exists in various types of pneumococci and is an important virulence factor and adhesion factor. The gene is highly conserved, with Mn2 + transport and adhesion. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is an important surface antigen associated with its virulence. It is almost present in all the clinically isolated pneumococci found so far, and its gene encoding is quite variable. PsaA and PspA are both pneumococcal protective antigens and new pneumococcal vaccine research and development hot spots. This review summarizes the research progress of the structures, functions, immunological properties and applications of these two proteins.