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我国现行的退耕还林还草钱粮补偿标准存在“一刀切”现象,缺乏灵活性和适应性。认为对退耕损失的补偿标准应实行分区级的不同补偿标准。对于还林投入成本的补偿,近期重点考虑两项:种苗补助费和增加管护费。对还生态林的种苗补助费要按分区给予不同标准的补偿,并给予长期的管护费(与我国现行的公益林生态效益补偿标准一致);对于还经济林(草),维持现有的50元种苗补助费,不足部分由小额贷款予以支持,不增加管护费。农户改变土地用途损失的长期性和生态效益发挥的持续性共同决定了要对退耕还生态林的农户实行钱粮的长期补偿;基于现实的考虑,也应适当延长还经济林(草)的钱粮补偿期限。
The current compensation standard for grain and grain for returning farmland to forests has a “one size fits all” phenomenon, which lacks the flexibility and adaptability. It is considered that the compensation rates for the loss of farmland conversion should adopt different compensation standards at the district level. For the compensation of investment in forestation, the recent focus on two: seedling subsidies and increase management and maintenance costs. For ecological forest seedling subsidy should be given according to different standards of compensation and give long-term management and maintenance costs (with our current public welfare forest ecological benefits compensation standards); for the economic forest (grass), to maintain the existing 50 seedling subsidies, less than the part by the small loans to be supported, not to increase management and maintenance costs. The long-term change of farmers’ land use loss and the sustainability of ecological benefits jointly determine the long-term compensation for grain and grain for farmers returning farmland to ecological forest. Based on realistic considerations, the compensation period for cash and grain restoration of economic forest (grass) should also be appropriately extended .