急性呼吸功能不全发作的死亡率过去约为30～50％。最高死亡率见于需作气管切开的病例,而这又是慢性阻塞性肺部疾患病程中时常所需要的。本文讨论肺源性心脏病患者通气功能衰竭处理中的某些较新进展。氧:患者入院时的动脉血氧分压(PaO_2)通常在20～40毫米汞柱之间,动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2)亦增高,但很少超过80毫米汞柱。在过去,对有中枢神经系统症状、严重二氧化碳潴留和缺氧的患者均立即作气管插 In the past, the mortality rate of acute respiratory insufficiency was about 30 to 50%. The highest mortality is found in cases requiring tracheotomy, which is often required in the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This article discusses some of the more recent advances in the management of ventilatory failure in patients with pulmonary heart disease. Oxygen: The arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2) at admission is usually between 20 and 40 mmHg. PaCO 2 is also increased but seldom exceeds 80 mmHg. In the past, patients with central nervous system symptoms, severe carbon dioxide retention, and hypoxia were immediately treated for tracheal