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目的分析2010年阳江市被犬伤人群的流行病学特点及人用狂犬病疫苗接种情况,为制订狂犬病防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集阳江市预防接种门诊的犬伤患者门诊记录,按卫生部《狂犬病暴露预防处置工作规范(2009年版)》的规定进行暴露分级分析。结果2010年阳江市犬伤暴露人数13 396人,暴露率为545.45/10万;城镇人口暴露率为340.32/10万,农村人口暴露率为660.72/10万,两区域人口的暴露率有统计学意义;暴露人数从5月开始明显增多,8月达高峰;暴露者中男女性别比是1.43∶1;以15～45岁年龄组最多,占39.50%;受伤部位以下肢为主,占73.16%;Ⅲ级暴露者的免疫球蛋白接种率为6.05%。结论2010年阳江市犬伤暴露人数较多,加强对犬只的管理、加大狂犬病防治知识的宣传教育力度和提高暴露人群人用狂犬病疫苗的接种率是阳江市狂犬病防控工作的重点。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Yangjiang City in 2010 and the vaccination situation of human rabies vaccine so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of rabies prevention and control measures. Methods Outpatient records of canine wounded patients in vaccination clinics of Yangjiang City were collected, and the exposure classification analysis was carried out according to the “Rules for the Prevention and Treatment of Rabies Disorders (2009 Edition)” issued by the Ministry of Health. Results The number of dogs exposed in Yangjiang was 13 396 in 2010, with an exposure rate of 545.45 / 100 000. The urban population exposure rate was 340.32 / 100 000 and the rural population exposure rate was 660.72 / 100 000. The population exposure rate in the two regions was statistically Significance; the number of exposed increased significantly from May to August, reaching the peak in August; sex ratio of male and female was 1.43:1; the age group of 15-45 was the most, accounting for 39.50%; the lower limbs were the main part of injury, accounting for 73.16% ; Immunoglobulin inoculation rate was 6.05% for those with level Ⅲ exposure. Conclusion In 2010, the number of dogs exposed in Yangjiang City was relatively high. Strengthening the management of dogs, intensifying the publicity and education of rabies prevention and control knowledge and increasing the vaccination rate of human rabies vaccines for the exposed population are the key points of prevention and control of rabies in Yangjiang City.