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目的和方法：对血浆钠＜１３５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的２３３例肝硬化腹水病人分限钠与不限钠两组，观察因血浆钠及渗透压低致低渗性脑病与静脉输注高渗ＮａＣｌ对低渗性脑病的治疗作用。结果：限钠组（１３９例）２７例并发低渗性脑病，占１９４％，不限钠组（９４例）无１例低渗性脑病。在并发低渗性脑病的２７例中，１６例给予补钠治疗，低渗性脑病均被治愈，对照的１１例继续限钠者均死亡，其中９例被误诊为肝性脑病。结论：结果提示肝硬化腹水病人限钠、利尿治疗会诱发低渗性脑病，而非肝性脑病。应用高渗ＮａＣｌ是治疗低渗性脑病的重要措施。且能增强利尿剂作用，使尿量增多，腹水减少
PURPOSE AND METHODS: A total of 233 cases of patients with cirrhosis and ascites who had plasma sodium <135mmol / L were divided into two groups: sodium with limited sodium and sodium with no limitation. To observe the effects of sodium and osmotic pressure on hypotonic encephalopathy and infiltration of hypertonic NaCl on the hypotonic Therapeutic effect of encephalopathy. Results: There were 27 hypotonic encephalopathy patients (139 cases) with hypotonic encephalopathy (194%), and none (94 cases) without sodium hypothalamic encephalopathy. Of the 27 patients with hypotonic encephalopathy, 16 were given sodium supplementation, and all had hypotonic encephalopathy. All 11 patients who remained sodium-limiting were killed, of which 9 were misdiagnosed as hepatic encephalopathy. Conclusion: The results suggest that patients with cirrhosis and ascites limited sodium, diuretic therapy induced hypotonic encephalopathy, rather than hepatic encephalopathy. Application of hypertonic NaCl is an important measure to treat hypotonic encephalopathy. And can enhance diuretic effect, so that increased urine output, ascites decreased