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目的 探讨胸主动脉瘤及主动脉夹层(TAA/AD)患者住院死亡危险因素.方法 回顾性分析105例TAA/AD患者术前主动脉瘤壁破裂及限期手术患者的临床资料.结果 105例中,9例死亡,均为主动脉瘤壁破裂患者.其中的8例累及升主动脉.死亡原因与处于疾病急性期、术前心功能较差、合并主动脉夹层、较高术前肌酐水平以及累及主动脉弓三分支密切相关(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 TAA/AD破裂与累及升主动脉和急性期有关,而术前较差心功能、合并主动脉夹层、较高肌酐水平及累及主动脉弓三分支是手术死亡的危险因素.“,”Objective To explore the risk factors for in-hospital death of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection. Methods The data of 105 TAA/AD patients were analyzed retrospectively for evaluating the risk factors of rupture and operation mortality. Results Of 109 cases, 9 patients with vessel wall rupture died, which was closely associated with involving the ascending aorta, in the acute period of the diseases, poor heart function, aortic dissection, higher serum creatinine levels before operation and affecting artery branches from the aortic arch (P<0. 01 or P< 0.05). Conclusion TAA/AD rupture is related to ascending aorta affection and in the acute period of the diseases. The risk factors for mortality of patients undergoing surgical treatment likely include poor heart function, aortic dissection, higher serum creatinine levels before operation and affecting artery branches from the aortic arch.