小说,包含三要素:人物、故事情节和环境。向来,人们读小说过于注重故事情节,对环境的关注较少,甚至有时读完整本或整篇小说,有关环境的印象微乎其微。对于叙事性较强的长篇小说而言,通过故事情节发展来探索文本的主题,是极有效的,但对故事性不强的短篇小说或意识流类的小说,还从故事情节入手探析主题就显得不合时宜了。而环境要素, Fiction, contains three elements: characters, storyline and environment. It has always been the case that people read the novel too much in the storyline, have less concern with the environment, and sometimes even read the whole or the entire novel with little impression of the environment. For narrative novels, it is very effective to explore the theme of the text through the development of the plot of the story. However, for short story or stream of consciousness novels, the theme is also explored from the story line It is outdated. The environmental elements,