论文部分内容阅读
目的了解与分析2001—2015年河北省职业病发病的时间和空间分布。方法收集2001-2015年全省报告的职业病新发病例,采用一般统计描述方法和空间自相关法分析2001—2005年、2006-2010年和2011—2015年3个阶段职业病发病的时间和空间分布特征。结果 2001—2015年间3个阶段期间职业病新发病例数分别为1 905、2 455和3 846例,呈逐期增长;发病工龄分别为20.5、15.4和10.2 a,有明显的缩短趋势。2001-2005年期间职业病种类主要以尘肺、慢性职业中毒、急性职业中毒为主,2011—2015年期间逐渐转变为以尘肺、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病、生物因素所致职业病为主。尘肺、急性职业中毒、慢性职业中毒和生物因素所致职业病均有明显的全局空间聚集性(P<0.05)。尘肺的局域性H-H聚集出现在矿产资源丰富地区,生物因素所致职业病的H-H聚集出现在畜牧业为主地区,且两者聚集的大部分(县)区均为贫困(县)区。急、慢性职业中毒的H-H聚集主要分布在轻工业区和一些综合工业区。职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病主要分布在承德的黑色金属矿业等为主地区。结论 2001—2015年河北省职业病例数逐期增长,并呈现区域聚集性。提示,今后在总体控制职业病病例增长的基础上,需高度重视职业病病例聚集区域的职业病防治工作。
Objective To understand and analyze the time and space distribution of occupational diseases in Hebei Province from 2001 to 2015. Methods The new cases of occupational diseases reported in the province from 2001 to 2015 were collected. The general statistical description method and spatial autocorrelation method were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of occupational diseases in 2001-2005, 2006-2010 and 2011-2015. feature. Results The number of new cases of occupational diseases during the three phases of 2001-2015 was 1 905, 2 455 and 3 846, respectively, showing a gradual increase; the length of service was 20.5, 15.4 and 10.2 a respectively, with a significant shortening trend. During 2001-2005, occupational diseases were mainly pneumoconiosis, chronic occupational poisonings and acute occupational poisoning. During 2011-2015, occupational diseases gradually changed to occupational diseases caused by pneumoconiosis, Otolaryngology and oral diseases, and biological factors. Pneumoconiosis, acute occupational poisoning, chronic occupational poisoning and biological factors caused by occupational diseases have obvious spatial aggregation (P <0.05). Local H-H accumulation in pneumoconiosis occurs in areas rich in mineral resources. H-H aggregation of biological factors in occupational diseases occurs mainly in livestock husbandry, and most of the (county) areas where the two are clustered are poor (county) areas. H-H aggregation of acute and chronic occupational poisoning is mainly distributed in light industrial areas and some integrated industrial areas. Occupational ENT oral diseases are mainly located in Chengde black metal mining and other areas. Conclusion The number of occupational cases in Hebei Province increased gradually from 2001 to 2015, and showed a regional aggregation. Prompted that in the future in the overall control of occupational disease cases based on the growth, the need to attach great importance to occupational disease cases gathered in the area of occupational disease prevention and control work.