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聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)是1985年美国Cetus公司Mullis和Saiki等人发明的一种特异性DNA。体外扩增技术,是分子遗传学上的一项突破性进展。仅1986年,美国引证该项技术的杂志就高达353种。PCR技术具有特异性强、灵敏度高,快速简便和重复性好等优点,在分子生物学检测中得到推广和应用。本文就PCR原理和PCR在遗传病产前诊断中的应用作一综述。
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a kind of specific DNA invented by Mullis and Saiki et al. In vitro amplification technology is a breakthrough in molecular genetics. In 1986 alone, the United States cited as many as 353 magazines for this technology. PCR technology has the advantages of strong specificity, high sensitivity, fast and easy and good reproducibility, and has been popularized and applied in molecular biology detection. This article reviews the principle of PCR and the application of PCR in prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases.