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在西北绿洲生态条件下,实验设4个处理,即165(N1)和225 kg·hm–2(N2)2个氮素(纯氮)水平及105(P1)和165kg·hm–2(P2)2个磷素(P2O5)水平,研究了氮磷肥配施对冬小麦(Triticum aestivum)品种临抗2号光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明,低氮(165 kg·hm–2)处理组的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)及蒸腾速率(Tr)日变化均呈双峰曲线,有光合“午休”现象;高氮(225 kg·hm–2)处理可减弱甚至使光合“午休”现象消失;高磷(165 kg·hm–2)和低磷(105 kg·hm–2)处理对光合特性的影响差异不显著。N2P2具有最高的群体叶面积指数(LAI)、群体光合速率(CAP)、穗粒数、亩穗数、千粒重及产量,且与N1P1和N1P2的差异均达显著水平,与N2P1则无显著差异。但N2P2水分利用效率(WUE)低于N2P1,显著高于N1P1和N1P2(N1P1高于N1P2,但无显著差异)。氮肥对光合“午休”的影响大于磷肥,二者互作效应差异不显著。该实验条件下,当N、P分别为225和105 kg·hm–2时有利于提高冬小麦的光合速率及产量。
Under the ecological conditions in northwest oasis, four treatments were set up, that is, two nitrogen (pure nitrogen) levels of 165 (N1) and 225 kg · hm-2 (N2) and two nitrogen levels of 105 (P1) and 165 kg · hm-2 ) P 2 O 5 level on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) Linkang No.2. The results showed that diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of low nitrogen (165 kg · hm-2) (225 kg · hm-2) could reduce or even eliminate the phenomenon of photosynthesis at “midday break”; and the photosynthesis of high photosynthetic rate (165 kg · hm-2) and low phosphorus The difference in characteristics is insignificant. N2P2 had the highest leaf area index (LAI), population photosynthetic rate (CAP), spikelet number per acre, spikes per acre, 1000-grain weight and yield, and significant differences with N1P1 and N1P2, but no significant difference with N2P1. However, the water use efficiency (WUE) of N2P2 was lower than that of N2P1 and significantly higher than that of N1P1 and N1P2 (N1P1 was higher than N1P2, but no significant difference). The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on photosynthesis “lunch break ” was greater than that of phosphate fertilizer, the difference was not significant. Under the experimental conditions, when N and P were 225 and 105 kg · hm-2, respectively, it was beneficial to increase the photosynthetic rate and yield of winter wheat.