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目的分析云南省南华县肺结核患者发病情况,探索其流行特征,为制定南华县结核病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集南华县2005—2010年间的可疑结核病患者2 551例进行描述分析和单因素分析。结果 2005—2010年共筛查发现肺结核病患者1 270例,平均发病率为88.05/10万,其中2005年发病率最低,为72.12/10万;2009年发病率最高为108.47/10万;2年发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.35,P<0.01)。发病年龄主要分布在45~65岁之间,占66.3%;男女发病无差异;职业分布主要为民工,占91.4%;地区分布主要在山区少数民族聚集地。结论南华县结核病发病率逐年升高,应加强直接督导短程化疗(DOTS)策略的落实,对高发病率地区开展普查,尽可能发现涂阳病例,加大宣传和培训力度是控制结核的有效措施。
Objective To analyze the incidence of tuberculosis patients in Nanhua County, Yunnan Province and explore their epidemiological characteristics, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating tuberculosis prevention and control measures in Nanhua County. Methods A total of 2 551 suspicious TB patients from 2005 to 2010 in Nanhua County were collected for descriptive analysis and univariate analysis. Results A total of 1 270 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were found from 2005 to 2010, with an average incidence of 88.05 / 100 000, of which 72.12 / 100 000 were the lowest in 2005; the highest incidence in 2009 was 108.47 / 100 000; 2 The incidence of year comparison, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 17.35, P <0.01). The age of onset was mainly distributed in 45-65 years old, accounting for 66.3%; there was no difference in the incidence of males and females; the occupational distribution was mainly migrant workers, accounting for 91.4%; and the distribution was mainly concentrated in mountainous areas. Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in Nanhua County is increasing year by year. It is necessary to strengthen the implementation of the strategy of direct supervision of short-course chemotherapy (DOTS), carry out census in areas with high incidence, find smear-positive cases as much as possible, and increase publicity and training as effective measures to control tuberculosis .