保水剂不同施用方式对马铃薯生长和产量的影响

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以马铃薯品种“夏波蒂”为材料,设保水剂穴施、涂层、拌种处理和对照4个处理,分析了保水剂不同施用方式对马铃薯生长及产量的影响。结果表明:施用保水剂有利于提高马铃薯的出苗率和成苗率,以穴施处理的出苗率和成苗率最高,较对照分别提高22%和4%;株高和株幅随生育时期的推进逐渐增大,进入淀粉积累期时,穴施处理的株高显著高于其他处理,比对照提高44%;穴施处理各时期的叶绿素含量最高,维持了植株高水平的光合速率;马铃薯叶片中脯氨酸含量随生育时期的推进逐渐增加,进入淀粉积累期时,对照的脯氨酸含量明显低于拌种处理,而显著高于穴施和涂层处理;各处理叶片中可溶性糖含量先增加后降低,并逐渐向薯块中转移;植株鲜质量、干质量均随生育时期的推进逐渐增加,块茎形成期后增加较快,进入淀粉积累期时,施用保水剂处理的生物量均显著高于对照;穴施处理产量最高,较对照提高57%,其次是涂层处理;施用保水剂处理均利于旱作马铃薯增产。 Potato varieties “summer Po Di ” as material, the water agent application, coating, seed dressing treatment and control 4 treatment, analysis of the different application methods of water retention agent on potato growth and yield. The results showed that: the application of water-retaining agent is conducive to raising the emergence rate and seedling emergence rate of potato, and the highest germination rate and seedling emergence rate were achieved by applying hole treatment, which increased by 22% and 4% respectively compared with the control; The plant height at hole application was significantly higher than that at other treatments, reaching 44% higher than that at CK; the highest chlorophyll content was achieved at each stage of hole application, and the high photosynthetic rate of plant was maintained; The content of proline increased with the growth period, and the content of proline in the control was significantly lower than that of seed dressing and coating treatment when it entered the starch accumulation period. The contents of soluble sugar First increased and then decreased, and gradually transferred to the potato block; fresh weight and dry weight of the plant increased with the growth of the reproductive stage, tuber formation increased rapidly after entering the starch accumulation period, the application of water retention agent treatment of biomass Which was significantly higher than that of the control. The highest yield was obtained by hole application, which was 57% higher than that of the control, followed by the coating treatment.
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