化学杀雄是利用小麦杂种优势的一条新途径。国外从一九六○年开始此项研究,先后试用过马来酰肼(MH)等十几种药物,但找不到理想的选择性雄配子杀伤剂。一九七一年美国罗伊尔等利用人工合成的植物生长调节剂乙烯利(2—氯乙基膦酸)进行小麦化学杀雄,初获成功。他们发现在小麦孕穗期喷施一定浓度的乙烯利,可以杀死雄蕊,而基本保持雌蕊的育性,异交结实后代杂种比率相当高,从而认为应用化学杀雄方法生产杂交小麦是有可能的。此后研究进展迅速,美国、英国、加拿大、苏联等国先后投入工作,经过几年多方面的 Chemical kill male is a new way to use wheat heterosis. Foreign countries from 1960 onwards of this study, has tested a dozen drugs such as maleic hydrazide (MH), but can not find the ideal selective male gametic killing agent. In 1981, the United States Roy Il et al. Utilized synthetic plant growth regulator ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) to kill the wheat chemically and initially achieved success. They found that spraying a certain concentration of ethephon at the booting stage of wheat could kill the stamens while basically maintaining the fertility of the pistil and the rate of crossbreeding and offspring hybrids was quite high, suggesting that it is possible to produce hybrid wheat by chemical killing methods . Since then, the research has progressed rapidly. The United States, Britain, Canada, the Soviet Union and other countries have successively put into work. After several years