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节点定位问题是无线传感器网络中的一个基本而非常重要的问题。已有的定位算法大致可以分为两类:基于测距的和无需测距的。基于测距的定位算法需要额外硬件的支持,成本较高,不适用于大规模的传感器网络;无需测距的定位算法不需要额外硬件的支持,是解决传感器网络节点定位问题的一个较为经济适用的方法。本文提出了一种新的基于定向天线的无需测距的分布式定位算法。其主要原理在于利用定向天线确定邻居节点之间的相对位置,然后判断未知节点是否在锚节点构成的三角形内。仿真研究表明,提出的算法是有效的,能够取得较好的定位精度。
The node localization problem is a basic and very important issue in the wireless sensor network. The existing localization algorithms can be roughly divided into two categories: ranging-based and without-ranging. The location-based localization algorithm needs the support of additional hardware, which is costly and unsuitable for large-scale sensor networks. The location-free localization algorithm does not need additional hardware support and is a more economical solution to the problem of sensor network node location Methods. In this paper, we propose a new distributed location algorithm without distance measurement based on directional antenna. The main principle is to use the directional antenna to determine the relative position between the neighboring nodes, and then determine whether the unknown node is within the triangle formed by the anchor node. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and can achieve better positioning accuracy.