馆藏文物通常有两种主要的类型,一种是传世文物,一种是出土文物。为了使文物能够达到永久保存,通常需要进行科学保护,补缀和修复工作。一般来说,传世文物经常会受到空气中的氧,二氧化碳,硫化物的影响而产生腐蚀;出土文物主要受墓内土壤、水分、氯化物的侵蚀而损坏。在修复和保护时就必须区别对待。无论是传世文物还是出土文物,即使是在条件较好的博物馆里,仍不免发生损坏。因此,文物的保护和修复是我们文物工作者面临的两大课题。 There are usually two main types of cultural relics collections, one is handed down cultural relics, one is unearthed relics. In order to achieve permanent preservation of cultural relics, scientific protection, patchwork and restoration are usually required. In general, relics handed down often by the air of oxygen, carbon dioxide, sulfide and corrosion; unearthed relics mainly by the tomb of soil, water, chloride erosion and damage. In the repair and protection must be treated differently. Whether handed down or unearthed relics, even in the better conditions of the museum, still can not avoid damage. Therefore, the protection and restoration of cultural relics are two major issues facing our cultural relics workers.