用四个生产实例说明 ,对于同一个磺化反应 ,在不同情况下可以有不同的π值。对于具体的磺化反应 ,所用硫酸的浓度和用量不是通过π值 ,而是通过最优化实验确定的。磺化终点是根据磺化液的总酸度确定的 ,而不是根据π值确定的。 With four production examples shows, for the same sulfonation reaction, in different cases can have different π value. For a specific sulfonation reaction, the concentration and amount of sulfuric acid used was not determined by π but was determined by optimization experiments. The sulfonation end point is based on the total acidity of the sulfonated solution rather than on the π value.