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新疆是我国最大的三片棉花种植区之一,具有丰富的棉花秸秆资源。开展棉秆的高效综合利用不仅对发展新疆农业循环经济、改善和提高新疆棉区农业资源利用效率、开辟新的资源、提高农业综合生产能力、建设节约型社会具有重要意义,而且可增加棉区农民收入、促进区域经济的协调可持续发展。通过综合分析国内外棉秆利用现状,总结出工业、农畜牧业和能源利用为三种主要发展方向,并据此提出了棉秆循环利用的理论模式。鉴于新疆棉秆现行利用方式主要局限在直接焚烧和还田两方面,并且二者均存在一些技术与经济上的制约和不良环境后果。因此,将棉秆循环利用的理论模式和本地区实际相结合,探讨适合于新疆棉秆循环利用的适宜模式无疑具有十分重要的现实意义。
Xinjiang is one of the largest three cotton growing areas in the country with abundant cotton straw resources. Carrying out the efficient and comprehensive utilization of cotton stalks is of great significance not only for the development of agricultural recycling economy in Xinjiang, improvement and improvement of utilization efficiency of agricultural resources in Xinjiang cotton area, opening up of new resources, improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity and building a conservation-oriented society, but also increasing cotton area Farmers’ Income, Promote the Coordinated and Sustainable Development of Regional Economy. By comprehensively analyzing the utilization status of cotton stalks both at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the three main development directions of industry, animal husbandry and energy utilization, and puts forward the theoretical model of cotton stalk recycling. In view of the fact that the current utilization mode of cotton stalk in Xinjiang is mainly limited to direct incineration and returning to the fields, both of them have some technical and economic constraints and adverse environmental consequences. Therefore, combining the theoretical model of cotton stalk recycling with the actual situation in this area, it is undoubtedly of great practical significance to explore the appropriate mode suitable for cotton stalk recycling in Xinjiang.