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目的了解重庆市医疗机构就诊病例及健康人群甲型H1N1流感抗体水平,分析和预测流感的流行趋势,为制定针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法对238名门诊病例和171名健康人群进行流行病学调查并采集不同年龄组血清进行甲型H1N1流感血凝抑制试验。结果 HI总体阳性率为15.4%(95%CI:12.1%～9.4%),抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)高滴度者(≥1∶160)占阳性数的6.4%(95%CI:0.4%～19.5%);性别之间、2周前是否出现过流感样症状之间、5～岁年龄组与其余3个年龄组间和是否接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗之间阳性几何平均倒数滴度(GMRT)的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);抗体阳性率、滴度分布和logistic回归分析结果均显示2周前出现过流感样症状者为主要影响因素,但性别、年龄间差异无统计学意义。结论重庆市甲型H1N1流感免疫水平较低,易发生流行。
Objective To understand the antibody level of Influenza A (H1N1) in medical treatment institutions and healthy population in Chongqing and to analyze and forecast the epidemic trend of influenza, so as to provide basis for making targeted prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 238 outpatients and 171 healthy people were enrolled in the epidemiological investigation and serum of different age groups were collected for the hemagglutination inhibition test of Influenza A (H1N1). Results The overall positive rate of HI was 15.4% (95% CI: 12.1% -9.4%). The antibody with high GMT titer (≥1: 160) accounted for 6.4% of the positive number (95% CI: 0.4 % ~ 19.5%). Between the sexes, whether there was flu-like symptoms two weeks ago or not, the geometric mean reciprocal titers between the 5-year-old group and the remaining 3 age groups and whether they were vaccinated against influenza A (H1N1) (GMRT) (P <0.05). The antibody positive rate, titers distribution and logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of influenza-like symptoms two weeks ago was the main influencing factor, but there was no significant difference in gender and age Statistical significance. Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) immunization in Chongqing is low and epidemics are easy to occur.