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根据NOAA气象卫星具有周期短、覆盖面积大、对绿色植被及水份温度反应比较灵敏等特点,作者利用AVHRR甚高分辨率辐射计资料,结合同时期地面样方光谱和有关生物物理指标观测,对山西省运城盆地冬小麦长势进行了监测,并利用中比例尺的MSS彩色合成图像,分区分类测算面积和估算产量。在产量估算精度上有了新的提高。 首先采用多时相陆地卫星像片,按相同的生产条件及生产水平进行分类划区,然后分区设立地面样方,并与气象卫星接收同时进行光谱及生物物理指标观测。资料分析结果表明:地面光谱计算指数与小麦产量有较好的直线相关;地面光谱与卫星光谱指数(NVI),以及卫星光谱指数与小麦产量均具有较好的相关关系。 资料还证明了植冠红外温度与土壤水分即作物需水状况的相关性,以及气象卫星红外温度值与小麦产量的相关性。 利用上述遥感方法对冬小麦长势进行监测和估产,计算可靠,方法简便、快速,适宜于中小区域农业生产管理应用。
According to NOAA meteorological satellites with short cycle, large coverage area, sensitive to the temperature of green vegetation and moisture, the author uses AVHRR very high resolution radiometer data, combined with the same period of ground surface spectral and related biophysical indicators of observation, The growing status of winter wheat in Yuncheng basin of Shanxi Province was monitored. The medium scale MSS color composite image was used to classify and measure the area and estimate the yield. In the yield estimation accuracy has been a new increase. Firstly, multi-temporal satellite imagery was used to classify the images according to the same production conditions and production levels. Then, the ground-based quadrats were set up and observed with spectral and biophysical indices simultaneously with the reception of meteorological satellites. Data analysis results show that there is a good linear correlation between the calculated ground surface indices and the wheat yield. The ground surface spectra are closely related to the satellite spectral index (NVI), the satellite spectral index and the wheat yield. The data also demonstrate the correlation between plantation infrared temperature and soil moisture, crop water requirement, and the correlation between meteorological satellite infrared temperature and wheat yield. The above remote sensing method is used to monitor and estimate winter wheat growth. The method is reliable, simple, rapid and suitable for agricultural production management in small and medium-sized regions.