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西方现代非理性主义思潮作为理性的自我反省和自我批判的一种特殊形式,其旨归是对极端理性主义的反拨矫枉和补偏救弊,它试图用非理性拯救理性主义。的确,非理性主义思潮从多方面揭示了西方现代社会存在的诸多弊病,但却把这些弊病看成是理性对非理性的压抑,这当然没有触及到问题的实质。无论是传统理性主义倡导的乐观精神以实现人间天堂的美梦也好,还是现代非理性主义导向悲观主义致使走向一片黯淡的虚无也罢,都是人类社会的现实写照。20世纪深切关注现实的西方马克思主义创始人乔治·卢卡奇,满怀历史责任感、现实感、时代感,在《理性的毁灭》中对第二次世界大战的挑起者德意志国家进行了理性视野的历史反思和现实分析,由此激发了西方马克思主义后继者对理性毁灭的深层思考,并对风云变幻中的知识分子的历史责任与崇高使命进行了呼吁和担当。
As a special form of rational self-examination and self-criticism, the Western modernist irrationalism thought is to reverse and reverse the extremist rationalism. It attempts to save rationalism with irrationality. Indeed, the trend of irrationalism reveals many shortcomings in many aspects of modern Western society, but these shortcomings as a rational to irrational repression, which of course does not touch on the substance of the problem. Whether it is the optimism advocated by traditional rationalism to realize the dream of paradise on earth or the pessimism oriented by modern non-rationalism leads to a dull nothingness, it is a realistic portrayal of human society. In the 20th century, George Lukacs, the founder of western Marxism who paid close attention to the reality, was full of historical sense of responsibility, sense of reality and sense of the times. He carried out a rational vision in the “rational destruction” of the German state as the initiator of World War II Which inspired the Western Marxist successors to think deeply about rational destruction and made appeals and commitments to the historical responsibility and lofty mission of the ever-changing intellectuals.