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以高于铺镇和腰山镇土地整治项目区为例,开展项目区农用机井的空间布局优化研究。1利用行政界线、交通道路、河流水系等线性阻隔要素,将项目区划分为33个优化单元,采用单井控制灌溉面积法计算各优化单元井数,确定井数约束为191眼、井距约束为275.02m。2将项目区划分为精密的栅格,以栅格中心点为评价对象,从水文地质、地形、交通、土地四个方面构建宜布井点适宜性评价模型,一级、二级、三级适宜区分别占宜布井区的29.93%、47.03%和23.04%,且呈现依次向田块内部分布的环状分布特征。3基于空间抽样理论,以待灌溉点到与其最邻近的新建井点或可利用的现状井点间距离的期望为决策变量,基于MMSD优化准则和退火模拟方法,以井距、井数和宜布井位适宜等级为约束条件进行农用机井的空间布局,191个新建井点均匀分布在整个灌区内。文章提出的机井空间布局优化模型有助于科学统一规划新旧机井,实现土地整治项目区的农用机井优化布设。
Taking the land reclamation project area higher than that of Puzhen and Yaoshan Town as an example, the spatial layout optimization of agricultural machinery wells in the project area is carried out. The project area is divided into 33 optimization units by using the linear barrier elements such as administrative boundary, traffic road and river water system, and the well number of each optimized unit is calculated by the single well controlled irrigation area method. The number of wells is determined to be 191 and the well spacing is constrained Is 275.02m. 2 Divide the project area into precise grids, center the grids as the evaluation object, construct the suitability evaluation model of Yibu well point from the aspects of hydrogeology, topography, traffic and land. The first, second and third levels The suitable areas are 29.93%, 47.03% and 23.04% of the Yibu area, respectively, and show a ring-shaped distribution pattern distributed to the interior of the block. Based on the theory of spatial sampling, the expectation of the distance between the well point to be irrigated and its closest neighbor or available well point is taken as the decision variable. Based on MMSD optimization criterion and annealing simulation method, the well spacing, well number The appropriate rank of well placement is constrained for the spatial layout of agricultural machine wells, and 191 new well points are uniformly distributed in the entire irrigation area. The optimization model of well layout proposed in this paper is helpful for the scientific planning of old and new shaft wells and the optimization of agricultural shaft layout in the land remediation project area.