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以环保投资的经济-环境-民生综合绩效为着眼点,运用DEA-Tobit两阶段框架在核算比较环保投资综合绩效的基础上,进一步分析了影响环保投资从投入到产出的黑箱中的各种经济、社会及政策因素。研究表明:(1)在2003~2012年十年间,中国环保投资的经济-环境-民生综合绩效普遍偏低,并且呈现逐年递减的趋势。其中,东部地区最高,西部地区次之,而中部地区最低。(2)制度因素和结构因素是影响环保投资综合绩效的关键,以GDP为核心的财政分权考评机制和依赖于重工业的经济增长模式造成了综合绩效低下及区域差异。因此,从深层次上打破体制性瓶颈,改变中国式分权的激励结构,促进产业结构优化升级,是提高中国综合绩效可以考虑的突破口。
Focusing on the comprehensive economic-environmental-livelihood performance of environmental investment, this paper uses DEA-Tobit two-stage framework to calculate and compare the comprehensive performance of environmental investment. Based on the above analysis, the author further analyzes various factors that affect the investment in environmental protection from the input-output black box Economic, social and policy factors. The research shows that: (1) During the ten years from 2003 to 2012, the overall economic-environment-livelihood comprehensive performance of China’s environmental protection investment is generally low and shows a declining trend year by year. Among them, the eastern region is the highest, followed by the western region, while the lowest in the central region. (2) Institutional and structural factors are the key factors affecting the overall performance of environmental investment. The fiscal decentralization appraisal system with GDP as the core and the economic growth mode relying on heavy industry have caused the overall low performance and regional differences. Therefore, breaking institutional bottlenecks, changing the incentive structure for decentralization in China and promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure at a deeper level are the breakthroughs that can be considered in improving China’s overall performance.