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遗传多样性研究对于小麦育种具有重要意义.该研究用20对SSR引物比较分析了云南铁壳麦、地方品种和历史品种的遗传差异.在37份云南铁壳麦、35份地方品种和30份历史品种中,分别检测到42,47和40个等位变异,每一个SSR引物分别检测到1～3,1～5和1～3个等位变异,平均分别为2.1,2.4和2.0个;云南铁壳麦、地方品种和历史品种的平均Neis基因多样性指数(He)分别为0.246(0～0.401),0.231(0～0.414)和0.244(0～0.495).用20对SSR引物计算了云南铁壳麦、地方品种和历史品种群体内及其群体间的遗传距离(GD)和平均遗传距离,结果显示云南铁壳麦和历史品种的遗传多样性要高于地方品种,而地方品种与历史品种之间具有较近的亲缘关系.聚类分析结果也表明云南地方品种和历史品种的亲缘关系较近,两者与云南铁壳麦的亲缘关系相对较远.云南小麦育种应加强更广泛的种质资源引进、创新及利用.
The study of genetic diversity is of great importance to wheat breeding.The genetic diversity of Yunnan wild-type wheat, local breeds and historical breeds was compared and analyzed by 20 pairs of SSR primers.Among the 37 Yunnan wild breeds, 35 local breeds and 30 Among the historical cultivars, 42, 47 and 40 alleles were detected, respectively. One to three, one to five and one to three alleles were detected for each SSR primer, with an average of 2.1, 2.4 and 2.0, respectively. The average Neis gene diversity index (He) of Yunnan Ophiopogon japonicus, local cultivars and historical cultivars were 0.246 (0-0.401), 0.231 (0-0.414) and 0.244 (0-0.495), respectively, and 20 pairs of SSR primers The genetic distance (GD) and average genetic distance (Gd) and the average genetic distance (Gd) within the populations and their populations of the O. officinalis from Yunnan Province, the local cultivars and the historical breeds showed that the genetic diversity of the O. fortunei and the historical breeds was higher than that of the local breeds, while that of the local breeds There is a close genetic relationship among historical cultivars.The cluster analysis also shows that the genetic relationship between local varieties and historical cultivars in Yunnan is relatively close, and the genetic relationship between them is relatively far away from Yunnan Ophiopogon japonicus.The breeding of Yunnan wheat should be strengthened more widely The introduction of germplasm resources, innovation and use.