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以昌图县为研究区域,调查分析目前旱田耕层现状和形成原因。调查结果表明,试验区农田平均耕层深度14.04 cm,平均有效土壤量为1.75×10~6kg/hm~2,平均有机质含量1.83%,平均下层土壤容重1.42 g/cm~3,未达到合理耕层标准。深松可使耕层深度和有效耕层土壤量分别增加20.66%和17.14%,并使深层土壤容重降低5.63%;施用有机肥可提高耕层有机质含量0.38个百分点,土壤容重降低4.80%。连年深松并施用有机肥是构建合理耕层的有效措施。
Taking Changtu County as the research area, the current status and formation reasons of the topsoil in the dry land were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the average depth of farmland was 14.04 cm in the experimental area, the average effective soil was 1.75 × 10 ~ 6kg / hm ~ 2, the average organic matter content was 1.83%, the average soil bulk density was 1.42 g / cm ~ 3, Layers standard. Subsoiling can increase the depth of plow layer and the effective tillage soil by 20.66% and 17.14%, respectively, and reduce the bulk density of deep soil layer by 5.63%. Using organic manure can increase organic matter content of tillage layer by 0.38% and soil bulk density by 4.80%. Year after year and the application of organic fertilizer is an effective measure to construct reasonable topsoil.