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目的研究高原汽车兵心理健康特点及其影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),状态-特质焦虑问卷、社会支持评定量表、应对方式问卷及成人艾森克人格问卷,对驻扎在格尔木地区某部汽车团汽车兵进行测试。与SCL-90中国常模、军人常模、高原一般军人进行比较,并分析SCL-90军龄、级别特征,进行相关分析。结果①高原汽车兵SCL-90总均分[(1.76±0.59)分]、阳性项目数[(41.01±21.60)分]和各因子得分均显著高于中国军人常模(P<0.01);除阳性项目数外,SCL-90总均分和各因子得分明显低于高原一般军人(P<0.05);②高原军人心理健康特征。军龄上:除躯体化因子外,SCL-90各因子得分、总均分和阳性项目数差异无显著性(P>0.05);级别上:躯体化、偏执因子和阳性项目数得分存在显著差异(P<0.05);③SCL-90各因子得分与艾森克人格问卷神经质因子、精神质因子、特质焦虑、状态焦虑和消极应对得分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与内外向因子、掩饰性因子、社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度得分呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论高原条件下汽车兵心理卫生水平总体较差,并呈现明显的军龄和级别特征;高原汽车兵心理健康与个性、焦虑、社会支持及应对方式有关。
Objective To study the characteristics and influencing factors of mental health of motor vehicle in plateau. Methods SCL-90, State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, Coping Style Questionnaire and Adult Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were used to test the car group stationed in a motorcade in Golmud. Compared with the SCL-90 Chinese norm, the military norm and the general military at the plateau, the SCL-90 military age and grade characteristics were analyzed and the correlation analysis was carried out. Results ① The average score of SCL-90 (1.76 ± 0.59), the number of positive items (41.01 ± 21.60) and the score of each factor were significantly higher than those of Chinese soldiers (P <0.01) The number of SCL-90 and the scores of all factors were significantly lower than those of the general soldiers in the plateau (P <0.05) except for the number of positive items. ②The psychological health characteristics of plateau soldiers. Military age: In addition to somatization factors, SCL-90 scores of each factor, total score and the number of positive items was no significant difference (P> 0.05); level: somatization, paranoid factors and positive items were significantly different (P <0.05); ③SCL-90 scores of each factor were positively correlated with scores of neuroticism, psychoticism, trait anxiety, state anxiety and negative coping scores of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (P <0.01) Factors, social support scores, objective support, subjective support, and support utilization scores were significantly negatively correlated (P <0.05). Conclusion The level of mental health of automobile soldier is generally poor under plateau conditions and shows obvious characteristics of army age and level. The mental health of car soldier in plateau is related to personality, anxiety, social support and coping style.