反都市现象是 ２０世纪美国文学中的一股主流，作家们以不同的文学形式和手法抨击和揭露资本主义都市文明的弊端和现代科学技术对人性的摧残，同时表达了他们对大自然和田园生活的眷念以及对原始回归的向往，这种原始主义思想源于他们头脑中积淀的集体无意识，体现了他们力图寻求祖先的原始精神，从而达到精神上的超越和拯救。 Anti-metropolitan phenomenon is a mainstream in the American literature of the 20th century. The writers criticized and exposed the defects of capitalist urban civilization and the destruction of human nature by modern science and technology in different literary forms and techniques. At the same time, they expressed their opinions on nature and pastoral The nostalgia of life, and the yearning for primitive return, this primitivism originated from the collective unconsciousness accumulated in their minds, reflecting their original spirit of seeking ancestry so as to achieve spiritual transcendence and salvation.