论文部分内容阅读
以高温伏旱区麦/玉/薯三熟为对象,研究了不同保护性耕作下旱地土壤水分动态变化、作物产量、水分利用效率和经济效应。结果表明:不同保护性耕作对产量和水分利用效率影响显著。垄作、秸秆覆盖和秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂能提高系统0～80cm土层土壤含水量及贮水量,随着降雨量的增加,不同处理间的增加量增大。和平作(CK)相比,平作+秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂、垄作+秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂、垄作+秸秆覆盖、平作+秸秆覆盖、垄作分别使系统增产10.49%、9.73%、8.60%、8.11%、1.75%,且达到显著水平。垄作使水分利用效率只提高0.68%,效果不显著,而平作+秸秆覆盖和平作+秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂使水分利用效率分别提高了6.23%和7.93%,达到显著水平。降水利用效率提高了4.80%～10.22%,其中垄作+秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂降水利用效率最高,平作+秸秆覆盖的经济效益最大。研究结果显示,高温伏旱区三熟制在平水年中,采用平作+秸秆覆盖或者平作+秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂的综合效益最好。
The dynamic changes of soil moisture, crop yield, water use efficiency and economic effect under different conservation tillage conditions were studied in wheat / jade / tuberous trimmings of high temperature and drought area. The results showed that different conservation tillage had significant effects on the yield and water use efficiency. Ridge cover, straw mulch and straw mulching + composting agent can increase soil water content and water storage capacity in 0 ~ 80cm soil layer. With the increase of rainfall, the increase amount of different treatments increased. Compared with CK, the yield of the system was increased by 10.49%, 9.73%, 8.60% and 8.11% respectively under the conditions of flat planting + straw mulching + maturity, ridge planting + straw mulching + maturity, ridge planting + straw mulching, , 1.75%, and reached a significant level. The water use efficiency increased by only 0.68% for the ridge cultivation, but the effect was not significant. However, the water use efficiency increased by 6.23% and 7.93% with the planted + straw mulching + straw mulching + maturity agent, respectively, reaching the significant level. Precipitation efficiency increased by 4.80% ~ 10.22%, of which ridge + straw mulching + composting agent precipitation efficiency is highest, the economic benefits of mulching + straw mulching is the largest. The results showed that in the three years of high temperature and drought area in the flat water years, the use of flat or straw + straw mulching plus straw + composting the best comprehensive benefit.