食管外科经历了一个多世纪的发展过程,由仅仅从事于食管异物的取出和颈段食管的手术治疗,到经胸或经胸-肤的各种食管手术,不论在手术方式或者治疗效果方面均积累了大量经验,已形成比较一致的概念。近些年来由于对食管的解剖学、功能以及某些食管疾病病理生理等方面研究的不断深入,食管外科也产生了一些新的概念、趋向与要求。在诊断方法, Esophageal surgery has experienced more than a century of development, from only engaged in the removal of esophageal foreign body and cervical esophageal surgical treatment to transthoracic or transthoracic - skin of a variety of esophageal surgery, both in terms of surgical methods or treatment effect Has accumulated a lot of experience, has formed a more consistent concept. In recent years, due to esophageal anatomy, function and some esophageal diseases, pathophysiology and other aspects of continuous research, esophageal surgery also produced some new concepts, trends and requirements. In the diagnostic method,