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目的:探讨胸段食管鳞癌患者肝总动脉旁淋巴结转移规律。方法:回顾四川省肿瘤医院2015年至2017年接受肝总动脉旁淋巴结清扫的胸段食管癌413例患者临床资料，分析性别、年龄、肿瘤生长部位、瘤体长度、浸润深度、分化程度、病理分期、神经脉管侵犯状态与肝总动脉旁淋巴结转移率的关系。结果:413例患者，清扫淋巴结10 649枚，848枚淋巴结出现转移。187例患者出现淋巴结转移，转移率45.27%，淋巴结转移度7.96%。其中转移率较高的3个区域为第108组胸中段食管旁淋巴结(转移率15.21%)，第101L、101R颈段食管旁淋巴结(转移率14.02%)，第1、2组贲门旁淋巴结(转移率12.93%)。而转移率较低的3个区域为第109L、109R组肺门旁淋巴结(转移率1.79%)，第104L、104R组锁骨上淋巴结(转移率4.16%)，第8组肝总动脉旁淋巴结(转移率4.51%)。肝总动脉旁淋巴结清扫775枚，转移35枚，29例患者出现转移，转移率7.02%，淋巴结转移度4.51%。比较分析肝总动脉转移状态与患者相关病理因素(性别、年龄、肿瘤生长部位、瘤体长度、浸润深度、分化程度、病理分期、神经脉管侵犯状态)，肝总动脉旁淋巴结转移状态与瘤体位置、瘤体长度密切相关，差异有统计学意义(n P3且≤5 cm的转移率为5.52%，>5 cm的转移率为14.28%；而与病理分期、分化程度、神经脉管侵犯状态、性别、年龄、浸润深度差异无统计学意义(n P>0.05)。n 结论:肝总动脉旁淋巴结转移率(4.51%)位于较低水平，与瘤体长度及瘤体部位有明确相关性(n P<0.05)，对于胸上段食管癌且瘤体≤5 cm的患者，不建议常规进行肝总动脉旁淋巴结清扫。n “,”Objective:To investigation for common hepatic cartery lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:From 2015 to 2017, 413 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were dissected the common hepatic cartery lymp node were admitted in Cancer Hospital of Sichuan. The relationship between metastatic of rates of common hepatic cartery lymp node and the clinical data including sex, age, tumor site, diameter of tumor, invasion depth, differentiation degree, pathological stage, neurovascular invasion status were reviewed retrospectively.Results:A total of 10 649 lymph nodes were dissected.The lymph node metastatic rate was 45.27%(187/413), and the metastatic lymph node ratio was 7.96%(848/10 649). Lymph nodes adjacent to the middle esophagus, cervical esophagus, cardia of stomach had a higher metastatic rate, while the Lymph nodes adjacent to the hilar, supraclavicular, common hepatic cartery had a lower metastatic rate.A total of 775 lymph nodes were dissected in common hepatic cartery.The lymph node metastatic rate was 7.02%(29/413), and the metastatic lymph node ratio was 4.51%(35/775). To analysis the relationship between metastatic of rates of common hepatic cartery lymp node and the clinical data.We conclusion that the common hepatic artery lymph node metastatic rates of upper, middle and lower esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 2.89%(2/69), 5.35%(12/224) and 12.50%(15/120), with significant difference.The common hepatic artery lymph node metastatic rates of patients with diameter of tumor under 3 cm, 3-5 cm and above 5 cm were 5.20%(9/173), 5.52%(9/163)and 14.28%(11/77), with significant difference.The common hepatic artery lymph node metastatic rates of sex, age, tumor site, diameter of tumor, invasion depth, differentiation degree, pathological stage, neurovascular invasion status, with no significant difference.Conclusion:The metastatic rates of common hepatic artery lymph node in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is lower. For the upper thoracic esophageal cancer with tumor diameter under 5 cm, the dissection of common hepatic lymph node can be ommitted in surgery.