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介绍河西农田施钾效应及土壤钾素消长变化情况。长期定位、短期定位研究和多年多点试验结果表明,河西灌区耕地施钾有较明显的增产效果,带田平均增产9.9%～20.3%,单作平均增产5.4%～18.9%;土壤钾素库长期处于亏缺状态,连施有机肥条件下投入钾素不抵作物携带量,平均亏缺率达39.5%～75.4%;有机肥与化学钾肥结合施用土壤钾素平均亏缺率达19.4%～47.8%;土壤钾素含量是不断减少的趋势,连施有机肥年均下降16～83.7 mg/kg,其中带田下降幅度较大;缓效钾减幅是速效钾的数倍;施钾增产率5%时,土壤速效钾为150 mg/kg左右,初步调查缺钾耕地达50.7%。因此,有机肥与化学钾肥结合施用是有效的保钾增产措施。
The effect of applying K fertilizer on farmlands in Hexi Region and the change of soil K content were introduced. Long-term positioning, short-term positioning and multi-year experimental results show that the potassium fertility of cultivated land in Hexi Irrigation Area has obvious yield increasing effect. The yield of paddy field increases by 9.9% ~ 20.3% on average and that of single cropland increases 5.4% ~ 18.9% Long-term in deficit state, under the condition of applying organic manure, the input amount of potassium does not reach the crop carrying, the average deficit rate is 39.5% -75.4%; the average deficit rate of organic potassium combined with chemical potassium fertilizer is 19.4% 47.8%. The content of potassium in soil was declining continuously. The average annual decrease of organic fertilizer was 16-83.7 mg / kg, in which the decrease in field was larger; the decrease of slow-acting potassium was several folds of available potassium; At the rate of 5%, the available potassium in soil was about 150 mg / kg, and the initial investigation was 50.7% of the total area of potassium deficient farmland. Therefore, the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical potassium fertilizer is an effective potassium production increase measures.