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通过三种氮肥处理试验,研究了氮肥运筹对各生育期NR活性及产量、产量性状的影响,阐述了NR活性与产量和产量性状的关系。结果表明:从分蘖期始,小麦叶片NR活性表现出逐渐上升的趋势,至开花期达到最高,其后又逐渐下降。不同氮肥处理的NR活性在分蘖至孕穗差异不大,在孕穗之后,氮肥一次底施的处理一的NR活性明显低于药隔期追施的处理二和处理三。药隔期追施氮肥可明显促进成穗数、穗长、结实小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、穗粒重等产量性状的增加,对提高产量具有重要作用。对两种类型品种,普通型的豫麦41号宜采用药隔期重施追肥,而大粒型的兰考86(79)则以药隔期补施氮较好。NR活性与产量、产量性状的相关关系,在分蘖至拔节期间表现不密切,但孕穗至成熟期间与产量的相关系数均达高度正相关,与穗粒数、穗粒重的相关关系也较为密切,反映出通过药隔期追施氮肥,增加小麦中后期NR活性对提高产量是非常重要的。
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on NR activity, yield and yield of each growth stage was studied by three nitrogen treatments. The relationship between NR activity and yield and yield traits was also discussed. The results showed that from the beginning of tillering stage, the NR activity of wheat leaves showed a gradual upward trend, reaching its peak at flowering stage and then gradually decreasing. The NR activity of different nitrogenous fertilizers did not differ significantly from tillering to booting, and after booting, the NR activity of nitrogenous fertilizers was significantly lower than that of topdressing treatments. Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at different intervals could obviously increase the yield traits such as spike number, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of spikes per spike, grain weight per spike, grain weight per spike and so on, which played an important role in increasing yield. For the two types of varieties, the common type of Yumai 41 should be re-applied topdressing every other period, whereas the large-sized Lankao 86 (79) was better than the N application period. The correlation between NR activity and yield and yield traits was not close at tillering to jointing stage, but the correlation coefficients between yield and booting to maturity were all highly and positively correlated with the correlation between NR activity and grain yield per panicle. , Reflecting that it is very important to increase the yield by increasing the activity of NR in the middle and later stages of wheat through the topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer.