自身免疫性肝炎(autoimmune hepatitis,AIH)是与自身免疫有关的,以高球蛋白血症、多种自身抗体和碎屑样坏死(界面炎)为特征的肝脏炎症性疾病。该病主要发生于女性,肝实质损害往往持续存在,易进展为肝硬化,病死率较高,但AIH免疫抑制剂治疗有效,因此,早期诊断十分重要。AIH在欧美有较高的发病率,以往认为我国少见,但目前对该病的报道也日渐增多,有必要提高对本病的重视。 Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a hepatic inflammatory disease associated with autoimmunity, characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, various autoantibodies and detritus necrosis (interfacial inflammation). The disease occurs mainly in women, liver parenchyma damage often persists, easy to progress to cirrhosis, high mortality, but AIH immunosuppressive therapy is effective, therefore, early diagnosis is very important. AIH in Europe and the United States have a higher incidence in the past that our country is rare, but the current reports of the disease is also increasing, it is necessary to raise the disease’s attention.