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长期以来,人们对青光眼的理解均局限在房水循环障碍和视神经损害方面。近年来,随着对青光眼和视觉科学的深入研究及眼科神经科交叉学科的发展,跨学科的新问题被提了出来,即青光眼仅仅是一种视神经疾病吗?它是原发于眼部但累及全视路的疾病吗?抑或是某种特殊中枢神经系统疾病在眼部的表现?这些问题迄今尚无定论,但有理由认为,青光眼是整个视路在多方面、多层次、多因素损害基础上形成的综合征群;其机制复杂,涉及跨突触损害、视路供血紊乱、血-脑屏障异常等。将青光眼归为眼部和脑部神经变性性疾病对认识青光眼的发病机制、建立系统全面的治疗策略、挽救患者视力具有十分重大的意义。
For a long time, people’s understanding of glaucoma is confined to circulatory disturbance and optic nerve damage. In recent years, with the in-depth study of glaucoma and visual science and the development of interdisciplinary research in ophthalmology, new interdisciplinary questions have been raised that glaucoma is merely an optic neuropathy? Is it a problem that affects the entire path of vision? Or is it a particular central nervous system disorder that manifests itself in the eye? These questions are inconclusive so far, but there is reason to believe that glaucoma is a multifaceted, multilayered, multifactorial lesion of the entire visual pathway Based on the formation of syndromes; the mechanism is complex and involves cross-synaptic damage, visual pathway blood disorders, blood-brain barrier abnormalities. To classify glaucoma into eye and brain neurodegenerative diseases is of great significance for understanding the pathogenesis of glaucoma, establishing a systematic and comprehensive treatment strategy and saving the patient’s vision.